Did you know that there is a condition where tissue similar to the inner lining of the uterus grows in places outside the uterus?

This condition is called endometriosis, and it is a common disorder that may affect about 10% of women of reproductive age.

How does endometriosis occur?

The exact cause is not fully known. However, one widely accepted explanation is that during menstruation, some of the tissue from the inner lining of the uterus flows backward through the fallopian tubes and attaches to different organs within the pelvic cavity.

Since this tissue is sensitive to female hormones, it behaves like the uterine lining during menstruation and bleeds each month. Over time, repeated bleeding and inflammation can cause the organs in the pelvis to stick together.

Effects of endometriosis

Because of these changes in the pelvic organs, women with endometriosis may develop infertility, reducing the chances of becoming pregnant.

If a close family member has endometriosis, you may also have a higher risk of developing it.

Early diagnosis is important because treatment can be started before the condition becomes severe.

Symptoms of endometriosis

• Pain in the lower abdomen, pelvis, and back during menstruation
• Heavy menstrual bleeding
• Severe pain during sexual intercourse
• Pain during urination and bowel movements
• Sometimes blood may be present in urine or stool

If you experience these symptoms, you should seek medical advice as soon as possible.

Treatment options for endometriosis

There are several treatment methods:

• Pain relief medications
• Hormonal treatments such as oral contraceptive pills or progesterone to reduce pain and bleeding
• Surgery to remove endometriosis tissue and improve fertility by repairing damage
• In severe cases, for women who have completed their families, removal of the uterus and ovaries may be considered

The appropriate treatment is chosen by the doctor depending on the severity of the condition.